NOTE: Always think critically about the information you place in a footnote or endnote. Consult with your professor about which form to use and always remember that, whichever style of citation you choose, apply it consistently throughout your paper. However, some disciplines, such as law and history, still predominantly utilize footnotes. In general, the use of footnotes in most academic writing is now considered a bit outdated and has been replaced by endnotes, which are much easier to place in your paper, even with the advent of word processing programs. If you are unsure about how to use endnotes, consult with your professor.ģ. Depending on the writing style used in your class, endnotes may take the place of a list of resources cited in your paper or they may represent non-bibliographic items, such as comments or observations, followed by a separate list of references to the sources you cited and arranged alphabetically by the author's last name. In general, to avoid interrupting the continuity of the text, footnote numbers are placed at the end of the sentence, clause, or phrase containing the quoted or paraphrased material.Ģ. They can follow all punctuation marks except dashes. Do not include periods, parentheses, or slashes. The numbering of footnotes are "superscript"-Arabic numbers typed slightly above the line of text. Footnotes are numbered consecutively throughout a research paper, except for those notes accompanying special material (e.g., figures, tables, charts, etc.). However, it’s up to you to ensure the information they provide is reliable and accurate.Īlways make sure to properly cite your sources to avoid plagiarism.Things to keep in mind when considering using either endnotes or footnotes in your research paper:ġ. Primary sources are often considered the most credible in terms of providing evidence for your argument, as they give you direct evidence of what you are researching.
If you use one of these in your research, it is probably a primary source. Some types of source are nearly always primary: works of art and literature, raw statistical data, official documents and records, and personal communications (e.g. Are you directly analyzing the source itself (primary), or only using it for background information (secondary)?.Does the source provide original information (primary), or does it summarize information from other sources (secondary)?.Was the source created by someone directly involved in the events you’re studying (primary), or by another researcher (secondary)?.To determine if a source is primary or secondary, ask yourself:
0 kommentar(er)
